Solar Panel Count for Energy Needs

Panels = daily kWh need / (panel-W × sun-hours × derate / 1000).

Inputs

AZ/NV: 6-7 hrs. PA/NY: 4 hrs. UK: 2-3 hrs.

NREL standard: 0.77 (heat losses, dust, inverter, wiring).

Result

Panels needed
20
8.0 kW system, ~360 ft² roof.
  • Daily energy need30 kWh
  • Panel rating400 W
  • Sun hours/day5
  • Derate factor0.77
  • Energy per panel1.540 kWh/day
  • Panels20
  • System size8.00 kW
  • Roof area needed360 ft²

Step-by-step

  1. Energy/panel/day = 400 × 5 × 0.77 / 1000 = 1.540 kWh.
  2. Panels = 30 / 1.540 = 19.48 → round up = 20.

How to use this calculator

  • Daily kWh from utility bill / 30.
  • Pick panel rating (modern: 350-450W).
  • Find local sun hours (NREL).

About this calculator

Solar sizing rule: panels needed = daily kWh / (panel-watts × sun-hours × 0.77). 30 kWh/day need (typical US home) × 400W panels × 5 sun-hrs × 0.77 derate ≈ 20 panels = 8 kW system. Sun hours vary geography (NREL maps): Phoenix 6.5, Boston 4.0, Seattle 3.6. NREL system derate (0.77) accounts for heat, dust, inverter losses, wiring.

Frequently asked

US average: 30 kWh/day = ~10,800 kWh/year. Varies hugely: small apt 10/day; large house 60-80/day.

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