Limiting Reactant Calculator

For a reaction with two reactants A and B in ratio a:b, find which one runs out first.

Inputs

Result

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General calculation reads

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How to use this calculator

  • Enter moles of A and B.
  • Enter their coefficients from the balanced equation.
  • Read which is limiting and how much of each is consumed/leftover.

About this calculator

In any chemical reaction with multiple reactants, one will run out first — the limiting reactant. To find it, divide each reactant's moles by its stoichiometric coefficient. Whichever ratio is smallest is limiting; the others are in excess. The reaction yield is determined entirely by the limiting reactant.

Frequently asked

What if I have 3+ reactants?+
Same approach: find moles/coefficient for each, smallest wins. The calculator handles 2; for more, do the math by hand.
What does "perfectly stoichiometric" mean?+
Both ratios equal — both run out at the same time. Reaction uses 100% of both. Rare in practice.
Why divide by coefficient?+
Because the coefficient says how many "units of reaction" each mole supplies. A reaction needing 3 B per 1 A means 1 mol B only powers 1/3 of the work that 1 mol A does.
How to use limiting-reactant in yield calculations?+
Use the moles of limiting reactant times the product:limiting ratio in the theoretical-yield calculator.
What about catalysts?+
Catalysts aren't consumed; they don't enter limiting-reactant calculations.

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