Vector Dot + Cross Product (3D)

a·b = scalar. a×b = vector perpendicular to both.

Inputs

Result

a · b (dot) / a × b (cross)
32.0000 / (-3.00, 6.00, -3.00)
Angle between: 12.93°.
  • a(1, 2, 3)
  • b(4, 5, 6)
  • |a|3.7417
  • |b|8.7750
  • a · b32.000000
  • a × b(-3.0000, 6.0000, -3.0000)
  • cos θ0.974632
  • θ12.9332°

Step-by-step

  1. Dot = aₓbₓ + aᵧbᵧ + a_zb_z = 32.0000.
  2. Cross_x = aᵧb_z − a_zbᵧ; Cross_y = a_zbₓ − aₓb_z; Cross_z = aₓbᵧ − aᵧbₓ.

How to use this calculator

  • Enter components of vectors a + b.

About this calculator

Vector dot product: a·b = aₓbₓ + aᵧbᵧ + a_zb_z. Geometric: |a||b|cos θ. Result is scalar. Used for projections, angle finding, work physics. Cross product: vector perpendicular to both. Right-hand rule. Magnitude |a×b| = |a||b|sin θ = parallelogram area. Used for torque, angular momentum, normal vectors in graphics. Source: NIST DLMF; Wolfram MathWorld - Vector Multiplication.

Frequently asked

Dot: angle, projection, work. Cross: torque, normals, perpendicular construction.

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