Water Heater Recovery Rate

GPH = (BTU/hr × efficiency) / (8.33 × ΔT). Hot water output rate.

Inputs

Standard gas: 76-82%. High-efficiency condensing: 90-96%. Tankless: 80-94%.

Heat from cold (~50 °F) to setpoint (typically 120 °F): 70 °F rise.

Result

Recovery rate
54.9 GPH
0.91 GPM continuous.
  • BTU/hr40000
  • Efficiency80.0%
  • ΔT70 °F
  • GPH54.88
  • GPM0.915

Step-by-step

  1. Useful BTU = burner × efficiency = 40000 × 0.8 = 32,000.
  2. Per gallon: 8.33 lb × 1 BTU/lb/°F × ΔT = 583.1 BTU.
  3. GPH = useful BTU / per-gallon = 32,000 / 583.1 = 54.9.

How to use this calculator

  • Enter burner BTU rating.
  • Enter efficiency (label or AFUE).
  • ΔT = setpoint − incoming cold (typically 70 °F).

About this calculator

Water heater recovery rate (GPH = gallons per hour) measures continuous hot water output. Formula: GPH = (BTU/hr × efficiency) / (8.33 × ΔT), where 8.33 lb/gal is water mass. A 40,000 BTU gas heater at 80% efficiency raising water 70 °F: ~55 GPH ≈ 0.92 GPM. Tankless heaters quoted at peak GPM. Tank heaters: tank capacity gives buffer for short bursts (shower); recovery rate matters for long demands (back-to-back showers).

Frequently asked

1 W = 3.412 BTU/hr. Electric water heater 4500 W = 15,354 BTU/hr (much less than gas).

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